Medical Matters

Cannibalism in Captive Varanus timorensis

Abstract. An observation of cannibalism among sibling Varanus timorensis in captivity is presented. It issuggested that cannibalism may not be common in V. timo...

Does Enrichment Improve Reptile Welfare? Leopard Geckos (Eublepharis macularius) Respond to Five Types of Environmental Enrichment

Abstract. Animal welfare is a high priority for pet owners and accredited zoos and aquariums. Current approachesto measuring welfare focus on identifying consen...

Pododermatitis Surgical Intervention in a Savannah Monitor (Varanus exanthematicus)

Abstract. A five-year-old Varanus exanthematicus weighing 3.4 kg was presented with a solid mass on the palmar surface of its rear left foot. During clinical ex...

First Survey of the Pathogenic Fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans in Wild and Captive Amphibians in the Czech Republic

Abstract. The recently discovered fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Martel et al. 2013) (hereinafter referred to as Bsal) has already received ...

Observations on Parthenogenesis in Monitor Lizards

Abstract. In this article I report observations on multiple parthenogenetic events in the Argus monitor (Varanus panoptes) in captivity. Two individually-housed...

Successful Repair of an Emerald Tree Monitor (Varanus prasinus Schlegel, 1839) Egg at Bristol Zoo Gardens

Abstract. During the artificial incubation of a clutch of Varanus prasinus eggs, one egg ruptured. Thisarticle describes the successful repair of this egg, alon...

The Effects of Handling on Natural Populations of the Critically Endangered Pancake Tortoise, Malacochersus tornieri (Testudines: Testudinidae)

Abstract. Despite its low population densities and restricted geographical distribution in the eastern and southern African countries of Kenya, Tanzania, and Z...

Mending a Ruptured Varanus acanthurus brachyurus Egg

Abstract. A Varanus acanthurus brachyurus egg ruptured during artificial incubation. To repair theegg, a small piece of eggshell was taken from a previously hat...

Zoonotic Parasites of Reptiles: a Crawling Threat

Abstract. Reptiles are reservoirs of a wide range of pathogens, including many protozoa, helminths, pentastomids, and arthropod parasitic species, some of whic...

Successful Hatching of a Patched Varanus beccarii (Doria, 1874) Egg at the Saint Louis Zoo

Abstract. Paraffin wax and a section of latex medical glove were used to patch a black tree monitor(Varanus beccarii) egg that ruptured after 118 days of artifi...

Remarks on Osteological Deformities in a Captive-bred Emerald Tree Monitor, Varanus prasinus

Abstract. The successful captive reproduction and osteological deformities of a Varanus prasinus arereported. Incubation took 170 days at a temperature of 30 °C...

Exotic Pet Suitability: Understanding Some Problems and Using a Labeling System to Aid Animal Welfare, Environment and Consumer Protection

Abstract. Exotic pets are essentially animals that are non-native to a region and/or nondomesticated. The trade in and keeping of exotic pets has been frequent...

Reducing Disease Risks in Captive Amphibians and Protecting Our Wild Native Amphibians from Invasive Disease

Abstract. Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (B.sal) is a newly-discovered species of chytrid fungus that can infect and kill a wide range of newts and salamand...

Enhanced Between-Site Biosecurity to Minimize Herpetofaunal Disease-Causing Pathogen Transmission

Abstract. There is increasing evidence for concern of the role humans may play in the transport and transmission of herpetofaunal pathogens. This is especially...

Infectious and Parasitic Disease of Captive Reptiles and Amphibians, with Special Emphasis on Husbandry Practices which Prevent or Promote Diseases

Abstract. Most reptiles in captivity have come directly from the wild. Hence, the assumption appears to be justified that the majority of infectious and parasi...

The Effect of a Produce Based Gut Loading Diet on Mineral, Vitamin and Carotenoid Content of Adult Crickets (Acheta domestica)

Abstract. Adequate supplementation of calcium and other nutrients including vitamin A is integral to successfully holding insectivorous amphibians and reptiles...

Gut-Loading Diet Evaluation for Crickets (Acheta domesticus), Mealwarms (Tenebrio molitor), and Superwarms (Zophobas moria) for the Purposes of Optimizing Institutional Protocols

Abstract. Several papers over recent years have looked at the practice of gut loading feeder insects for the purposes of improving nutrient composition of thes...

Calcium Gut Loading of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and the Benefit of Gel Water over Apple Slices for Maximum Calcium Gut Loading

Abstract. The importance of gut loading insects with calcium is a critical component of an insectivorous animal's diet. The insect used in this study for calci...

The Effect of Different UV and Calcium Provisioning on Health and Fitness Traits of Red-eyed Tree Frogs (Agalychnis callidryas)

Abstract. In response to global amphibian declines and extnctons, the IUCN has recommended the establishment of ex situ conservaton breeding programmes. Howeve...

Spectacular Manifestations of Systemic Diseases of the Snake. A Histopathological Description of Four Cases

Abstract. This paper reports histopathological fndings in the spectacles of four snakes diagnosed with systemic gout, inclusion body disease, disseminated lymp...

Sex-Determining Mechanisms in Squamate Reptiles

Abstract. Two modes of sex determination occur in squamates: genotypic sex determination (GSD)and temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Within each of...

Sex Determination in Reptiles. Summary of Effects of Constant Temperatures of Incubation on Sex Ratios of Offspring

The phenomenon of environmental sex determination (ESD) in reptiles has been highly publicized in recent years. However, the underlying mechanism(s) that contr...

Parasitological and Immunological Diagnoses from Feces of Captive-bred Snakes at Vital Brazil Institute

Abstract. Fecal samples from 56 snakes at the Vital Brazil Institute, in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, were tested using the sedimentation and flotation ...

Parasites in Pet Reptiles

Abstract. Exotic reptiles originating from the wild can be carriers of many different pathogens and some of them can infect humans. Reptiles imported into Slov...

Nutrition as a Major Facet of Reptile Conservation

Abstract. The importance of nutrition has not received much recognition in conservation biology. However, captive breeding is possible only if nutritional requ...

Manipulation of the Calcium Content of Insectivore Diets through Supplementary Dusting

Abstract. Insects fed to captve insectvores are defcient in calcium with inverse calcium to phosphorous ratos (Ca:P), and supplementaton is required to avoid n...

Introducing Reptiles into a Captive Collection: The Role of the Veterinarian

Abstract. The successful introduction of reptiles into a captive collection depends on providing optimal husbandry and veterinary attention. An important role ...